PROSTATE CANCER

Loss from prostate cancer gene Prostate cancer gene from the loss, it is pathological in Shanxi Tumor Hospital director Wang Hung-wide applications such as microdissectio...

Prostate cancer is the clinical stage 1) A period of the disease: A period of the lesions were completely confined to the prostate, small volume, no symptoms, only occasionally,...

Features
All the tumors were malignant prostate, and the overwhelming majority of glands in peripheral adenocarcinoma of the gland. It mainly occurs in men over the age of 50, occasionally occurred in young people and even children.

Autopsy results showed that with the increase of age, the incidence of prostate cancer has increased, but the more extensive histology higher morbidity. Prostate certain regions more vulnerable than other parts of malignant transformation. Implementation of the United States had 208 cases of total prostate cancer early clinical case study, they found that 97% of prostate cancer occurred in peripheral areas or peripheral Center district, which also proved a little past some of prostate cancer in the prostate center of the conclusions.

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate under the microscope diagnosis, histology and cytology is based on a combination. Because of pleomorphic cells of prostate cancer is not always the same characteristics. Pathological examination often rely on abnormal glandular structure and the relationship between stromal and glandular abnormalities make the diagnosis.

Pathologic classification
Current cancer diagnosis are established, we must from the grading and staging of cancer in the search for prognostic factors. A good method for predicting the prognosis classification of much help.

Prostate cancer classification many, but most of the grading method to be widely accepted. Now more commonly used classification methods Broders grading, grading Anderson, Mostofi grade, Gleason grading and classification, Mostofi  Schroeder. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended Mostofi grade, this hierarchical method is more simple and easy to use. We are introduced to Mostofi grading system.

Mostofi grading system from the nuclear atypia and the differentiation of the two glands in the malignant tumor of the right judgment. The nuclear atypia refers to the nuclear size, shape, and distribution of chromatin nucleolar changes, the mild (grade nuclear grade 1), moderate (grade II-class nuclear), severe (grade III-class nuclear); The gland differentiation four points: well-differentiated tumor from simply refers to a small gland alone or in the composition of the gland; differentiation refers to the complexity of the gland, the gland fusion or cribriform gland tumor components; poorly differentiated tumors is mainly scattered in a tablet or a cell, a small gland formation; Undifferentiated tumor mainly by means of cable or cylindrical-shaped or solid film into the cells. In describing when to take cytology classification features and glandular structure. If poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (nuclear grade II level).

Pathological
The pathological staging of prostate cancer and clinical phases are closely related, there are four different types of prostate cancer pathologic staging system in clinical application. Pathological is based on the clinical stage, only in phases before the P will be. Four staging system for the ABCD system, T NM, differentiated systems and ultrasound phased system. In these four applications in the past two largest, and TNM staging system in detail, and the International Association recommend the use of anticancer the pathological staging system is described below.

(1) T refers to the existence of the primary tumor.
PTx: unable to estimate the original tumor.
PT0: No evidence of the original tumor.
PT1: clinical examination showed that the tumor did not have cancer and pathological examination.
PT1a : resection of prostate cancer were found, carcinoma smaller than or equal to 5% for the organization.
PT1b : resection of the prostate tissue pathological examination revealed cancer, the cancer resection organizations volume greater than 5%.
PT1c : prostate biopsy confirmed cancer.
PT2: tumor confined to the prostate.
PT2a : prostate cancer violations of the Hitotsuba 1 / 2 or less.
PT2b : prostate tumor invasion Hitotsuba 1 / 2 above, but less than two leaves.
TP2c : the prostate tumor two of the violations.
Washing: prostate cancer after extended outside the capsule.
PT3a : unilateral extension of the envelope.
PT3b : extension of the bilateral envelope.
PT3c : seminal vesicle invasion.
PT4: seminal vesicle invasion, in addition to the neighborhood organizations and with fixed.
PT4a : bladder neck and tumor invasion (or) sphincter, and (or) the rectum.
PT4b : levator ani muscle tumor invasion and (or) and plain fixed.

(2) N refers to lymph node metastasis.
Nx: unable to estimate lymph node metastases.
N0: no regional lymph node metastases.
N1: one lymph node metastasis, lymph nodes of the largest diameter less than or equal to 2 cm.
N2: There is a lymph node metastasis, the maximal diameter between 2 to 5 centimeters, or a number of lymph node metastasis, the largest diameter is less than 5 cm.
N3: a lymph node metastasis, its largest diameter larger than 5 cm.

(3) M refers to whether distant metastasis.
Mx: not estimate whether distant metastasis.
M0: no distant metastasis.
M1: distant metastasis.
Vaccine: A distant metastasis without regional lymph node metastases.
FDA: bone metastasis.
FDA: other parts of the transfer.

Pathological etiology The cause of prostate cancer has not been identified, may be genetic, environmental, and the sex hormones. Prostate androgen secretion by t...

Prostate cancer killer of men can trace From after originally thought to the end of the story, the elimination of the disease, with disease farewell. However, it often tangled up,...

Clinical manifestations Vary the type of tumor. Incubation type of occult are no local symptoms. Local clinical symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia similar. ...

Western pathology of prostate cancer etiology The cause of prostate cancer is not yet clear, the general view of sex hormones and genetic factors and the metabolic imbalance, it was sug...

The diagnosis and differential diagnosis A diagnosis (1) clinical diagnosis 1. Early symptoms may developed symptoms of advanced prostate hyperplasia with a similar obstructive sy...

The prognosis and treatment Many patients may be given the long-term local control, or even cured. But the administration can be a lot of factors such as tumor grade, ...

Suffering from sporadic prostate cancer how do?

Suffering from sporadic prostate cancer how do