PROSTATE CANCER

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AMARC protein in the cancer cells can be found, for easy identification after staining (Figure in the dark parts)

Usually in the current prostate specific antigen (PSA) blood concentration of prostate cancer screening, but non-cancerous prostate disease patients PSA blood concentration can be increased. Research found that overexpression of prostate cancer alpha-methyl - acyl-coenzyme A racemate (AMACR).

To identify prostate cancer AMACR expression of the practical and clinical value of the University of Michigan, Rubin completed four independent DNA microarray gene expression data (128 samples) were analyzed. Using prostate cancer tissue microarray of 342 in prostate tissue (on behalf of different development stages of prostate cancer) AMACR level of protein expression levels are: negative (1), weakly positive (2), moderately positive (3 points) and strong positive (4 points ). (JAMA 2002,287: 1662)

Results showed that in four separate groups to complete the DNA microarray analysis, the team found that there are three significant prostate cancer overexpression of AMACR (P <0.001). The level of transcription (RT-PCR, RT-PCR) and protein levels (Western blot and immunohistochemical staining) are confirmed prostate cancer AMACR upregulation. Immunohistochemical test confirmed that the malignant prostatic epithelial AMACR expression than benign epithelial increased. Tissue Microarray determination, benign prostate (108 specimens), shrinking the prostate (26 specimens), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia formation (75 specimens), localized prostate cancer (116 specimens), metastasis of prostate cancer (17 specimens) the average AMACR protein staining intensity were: 1.31,2.33,2.67,3.20 and 2.50 (P <0.001). Paired comparison shows that, localized prostate cancer and benign prostate tissue staining intensity of the significant differences in the average score of 3.2 points and 1.3 points (an average difference of 1.9, P <0.001). Will moderate or high staining intensity (3 or 4 minutes) as a positive standard, Rubin and assessed 94 of prostate needle biopsy specimens AMACR protein expression. Results show that AMACR detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer sensitivity of 97%, specificity was 100%.

AMACR the advantages is that it is the cancer-specific, exists only in cancer organizations. Rubin said AMACR can be used for other markers in the diagnosis of cancer. The various types of cancer cells found after inspection, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, lung cancer, lymphoma and melanoma are overexpression of AMACR, colorectal and prostate cancer maximum expression.

Researchers believe that AMACR the existing methods of diagnosis of prostate cancer an important complement AMACR can greatly improve the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer. Difficult diagnosis of prostate needle biopsy specimens may be further inspection confirmed AMACR

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